Scientists, inventors, and innovators who advanced human knowledge and technology
Laws of motion and gravity; foundation of modern physics.
Theory of relativity; changed understanding of space and time.
Theory of evolution by natural selection.
Invented the printing press; democratized knowledge.
Championed the scientific method and observational astronomy.
Proposed the heliocentric (sun-centered) universe.
Improved the steam engine; triggered the Industrial Revolution.
Invented the lightbulb and phonograph; industrial research.
Pioneered research on radioactivity.
Developed germ theory and life-saving vaccines.
Father of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence.
Inventor of the World Wide Web.
Revolutionized personal computing and mobile technology.
Co-founder of Microsoft; leader in the PC revolution.
Developed Alternating Current (AC) electricity systems.
Discovered electromagnetic induction; electric motor foundations.
Discovered penicillin; first modern antibiotic.
Achieved the first powered, controlled human flight.
Father of Geometry.
Led the Green Revolution; saved billions from starvation.
Synthesized ammonia for fertilizer; allowed population boom.
First computer programmer; wrote first machine algorithm.
Key figure in quantum mechanics (Uncertainty Principle).
Founder of the modern science of genetics.
Architect of the nuclear age; created first nuclear reactor.