🌍 Geography
Location: Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen
Area & Boundaries
Total Area
2,149,690 km²
Land Area
2,149,690 km²
Water Area
0 km²
World Rank by Area
#null
Land Boundaries
4,272 km
Coastline
2,640 km
Bordering Countries
Iraq (811 km)
Jordan (731 km)
Kuwait (221 km)
Oman (658 km)
Qatar (87 km)
Terrain & Climate
Terrain: mostly sandy desert
Climate: harsh, dry desert with great temperature extremes
Elevation
Highest Point
As Sarawat range,: 3,000m
Lowest Point
Persian Gulf: 0m
Mean Elevation
665m
Natural Resources
petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, copper
👥 Demographics
Population Overview
Total Population (2024)
36,544,431
World Rank
#null
Growth Rate
1.68%
Urbanization
85%
Age & Life Expectancy
Median Age
32.4 years
Life Expectancy
77.2 years
Birth Rate
13.6 per 1,000
Death Rate
3.5 per 1,000
Major Urban Areas
- 7.682 million RIYADH (capital),: 4,863,000 people
Languages
Education
Literacy Rate: 97.9% (Male: 98.6%, Female: 96.7%)
💼 Economy
<p>high-income, oil-based Middle Eastern economy; OPEC founding member; Vision 2030 strategy prioritizing economic diversification, increased private sector involvement, and projects funded by sovereign wealth fund and foreign investment; young labor force; falling but significant poverty rate despite lack of official statistics</p>
GDP & Economic Indicators
GDP (PPP)
N/A
GDP (Official Rate)
N/A
GDP per Capita (PPP)
N/A
World GDP Rank
#null
GDP Growth Rate
null%
Unemployment Rate
null%
Inflation Rate
null%
Public Debt (% of GDP)
null%
GDP Composition by Sector
Agriculture
2.5%
Industry
44.8%
Services
47.2%
Major Industries
crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals, ammonia, industrial gases, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), cement, fertilizer, plastics, metals, commercial ship repair, commercial aircraft repair, construction
Trade
Exports
N/A
Imports
N/A
Foreign Exchange Reserves
N/A
Currency
(null)
🏛️ Government
Government Type
absolute monarchy
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal for municipal elections
Executive Branch
Chief of State: King SALMAN bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 23 January 2015)
Head of Government: Crown Prince and Prime Minister MUHAMMAD BIN SALMAN bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 27 September 2022)
Legislative Branch
National Holiday
Saudi National Day (Unification of the Kingdom), 23 September (1932)
📈 Social Indicators
Hospital Beds
2.2 per 1,000
🌐 International Relations
International Memberships
ABEDA
AfDB (nonregional member)
AFESD
AMF
BIS
BRICS
CAEU
CP
FAO
G-20
G-77
GCC
IAEA
IBRD
ICAO
ICC (national committees)
ICRM
IDA
IDB
IFAD
IFC
IFRCS
IHO
ILO
IMF
IMO
IMSO
Interpol
IOC
IOM (observer)
IPU
ISO
ITSO
ITU
LAS
MIGA
NAM
OAPEC
OAS (observer)
OIC
OPCW
OPEC
PCA
UN
UNCTAD
UNESCO
UNIDO
UNOOSA
UNRWA
UNWTO
UPU
WCO
WFTU (NGOs)
WHO
WIPO
WMO
WTO