🌍 Geography
Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Ukraine
Area & Boundaries
Total Area
238,391 km²
Land Area
229,891 km²
Water Area
8,500 km²
World Rank by Area
#null
Land Boundaries
2,844 km
Coastline
225 km
Bordering Countries
Terrain & Climate
Terrain: central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Moldavian Plateau on the east by the Eastern Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps
Climate: temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
Elevation
Highest Point
: N/Am
Lowest Point
: nullm
Mean Elevation
414m
Natural Resources
petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore, salt, arable land, hydropower
👥 Demographics
Population Overview
Total Population (2024)
18,148,155
World Rank
#null
Growth Rate
0.94%
Urbanization
null%
Age & Life Expectancy
Median Age
45.5 years
Life Expectancy
null years
Birth Rate
8.5 per 1,000
Death Rate
14.6 per 1,000
Major Urban Areas
- BUCHAREST: 1,776,000 people
Education
Literacy Rate: null% (Male: 99%, Female: 99.3%)
💼 Economy
<p>high-income, EU-member economy; euro membership delayed over macroeconomic indicators; persistent inflation, but consumption and EU-funded investments driving recovery; skilled labor shortage; high public debt and budget deficit; challenges include fiscal sustainability and political instability</p>
GDP & Economic Indicators
GDP (PPP)
$774.38 billion
GDP (Official Rate)
$382.77 billion
GDP per Capita (PPP)
$40,600
World GDP Rank
#null
GDP Growth Rate
0.8%
Unemployment Rate
null%
Inflation Rate
5.7%
Public Debt (% of GDP)
null%
GDP Composition by Sector
Agriculture
3.3%
Industry
25%
Services
62.5%
Major Industries
electric machinery and equipment, auto assembly, textiles and footwear, light machinery, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining, mining, timber, construction materials
Trade
Exports
N/A
Imports
N/A
Foreign Exchange Reserves
N/A
Currency
(null)
🏛️ Government
Government Type
semi-presidential republic
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive Branch
Chief of State:
Head of Government:
Legislative Branch
National Holiday
Unification Day (unification of Romania and Transylvania), 1 December (1918)
📈 Social Indicators
Physicians
3.63 per 1,000
Hospital Beds
7.1 per 1,000
Health Expenditure
6.5% of GDP
Education Expenditure
3.3% of GDP
🎨 Cultural Heritage
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
11
Notable Sites
- Danube Delta
- Churches of Moldavia
- Monastery of Horezu
- Villages with Fortified Churches in Transylvania
- Dacian Fortresses of the Orastie Mountains
- Historic Center of Sighişoara
- Wooden Churches of Maramureş
- Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
- Roșia Montană Mining Landscape
- Brâ