🌍 Geography
Location: Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador
Area & Boundaries
Total Area
1,285,216 km²
Land Area
1,279,996 km²
Water Area
5,220 km²
World Rank by Area
#null
Land Boundaries
7,062 km
Coastline
2,414 km
Bordering Countries
Bolivia 1 (N/A km)
212 km; Brazil 2 (N/A km)
659 km; Chile (168 km)
494 km; Ecuador 1 (N/A km)
529 km (N/A km)
Terrain & Climate
Terrain: western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)
Climate: varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes
Elevation
Highest Point
: N/Am
Lowest Point
: nullm
Mean Elevation
1,555m
Natural Resources
copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas
👥 Demographics
Population Overview
Total Population (2024)
32,600,249
World Rank
#null
Growth Rate
0.48%
Urbanization
null%
Age & Life Expectancy
Median Age
30.2 years
Life Expectancy
null years
Birth Rate
16.7 per 1,000
Death Rate
10.9 per 1,000
Major Urban Areas
Education
Literacy Rate: null% (Male: 97%, Female: 90.7%)
💼 Economy
<p>upper-middle-income South American economy; strong post-COVID rebound tempered by political uncertainty and climate risks; exports driven by mineral extraction and agriculture; large informal sector and uneven access to public services; stable fiscal position and financial sector</p>
GDP & Economic Indicators
GDP (PPP)
$535.91 billion
GDP (Official Rate)
$289.22 billion
GDP per Capita (PPP)
$15,700
World GDP Rank
#null
GDP Growth Rate
3.3%
Unemployment Rate
null%
Inflation Rate
2%
Public Debt (% of GDP)
null%
GDP Composition by Sector
Agriculture
6.1%
Industry
32.2%
Services
52.7%
Major Industries
mining and refining of minerals; steel, metal fabrication; petroleum extraction and refining, natural gas and natural gas liquefaction; fishing and fish processing, cement, glass, textiles, clothing, food processing, beer, soft drinks, rubber, machinery, electrical machinery, chemicals, furniture
Trade
Exports
N/A
Imports
N/A
Foreign Exchange Reserves
N/A
Currency
(null)
🏛️ Government
Government Type
presidential republic
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70
Executive Branch
Chief of State:
Head of Government:
Legislative Branch
National Holiday
Independence Day, 28-29 July (1821)
📈 Social Indicators
Physicians
1.69 per 1,000
Hospital Beds
1.6 per 1,000
Health Expenditure
6.2% of GDP
Education Expenditure
4.2% of GDP
🎨 Cultural Heritage
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
13
Notable Sites
- Cuzco
- Machu Picchu
- Chavin
- Historic Lima
- Huascarán National Park
- Chan Chan
- Manú National Park
- Lines and Geoglyphs of Nazca
- Rio Abiseo National Park
- Historic Arequipa