🌍 Geography
Location: Southern Europe, a peninsula extending into the central Mediterranean Sea, northeast of Tunisia
Area & Boundaries
Total Area
301,340 km²
Land Area
294,140 km²
Water Area
7,200 km²
World Rank by Area
#null
Land Boundaries
1,836.4 km
Coastline
7,600 km
Bordering Countries
Terrain & Climate
Terrain: mostly rugged and mountainous; some plains, coastal lowlands
Climate: predominantly Mediterranean; alpine in far north; hot, dry in south
Elevation
Highest Point
: N/Am
Lowest Point
: nullm
Mean Elevation
538m
Natural Resources
coal, antimony, mercury, zinc, potash, marble, barite, asbestos, pumice, fluorspar, feldspar, pyrite (sulfur), natural gas and crude oil reserves, fish, arable land
👥 Demographics
Population Overview
Total Population (2024)
60,964,931
World Rank
#null
Growth Rate
0.08%
Urbanization
null%
Age & Life Expectancy
Median Age
48.4 years
Life Expectancy
null years
Birth Rate
7.1 per 1,000
Death Rate
11.2 per 1,000
Major Urban Areas
Education
Literacy Rate: null% (Male: 99.5%, Female: 99.2%)
💼 Economy
<p>high-income, core EU economy; strong services, manufacturing, and tourism sectors; modest growth supported by net exports, low inflation, and public investments via EU funds; tight labor market with aging workforce and shortages in specialized skills; high public debt levels</p>
GDP & Economic Indicators
GDP (PPP)
$3.13 trillion
GDP (Official Rate)
$2.37 trillion
GDP per Capita (PPP)
$53,100
World GDP Rank
#null
GDP Growth Rate
0.7%
Unemployment Rate
null%
Inflation Rate
1%
Public Debt (% of GDP)
null%
GDP Composition by Sector
Agriculture
2%
Industry
21.7%
Services
65.6%
Major Industries
tourism, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, food processing, textiles, motor vehicles, clothing, footwear, ceramics
Trade
Exports
N/A
Imports
N/A
Foreign Exchange Reserves
N/A
Currency
(null)
🏛️ Government
Government Type
parliamentary republic
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25
Executive Branch
Chief of State:
Head of Government:
Legislative Branch
National Holiday
Republic Day, 2 June (1946)
📈 Social Indicators
Physicians
4.19 per 1,000
Hospital Beds
3.2 per 1,000
Health Expenditure
9% of GDP
Education Expenditure
4.1% of GDP
🎨 Cultural Heritage
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
61
Notable Sites
- Historic Center of Rome
- Archaeological Areas of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Torre Annunziata
- Venice and its Lagoon
- Historic Center of Florence
- Piazza del Duomo, Pisa
- Historic Centre of Naples
- Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto)
- Mount Etna
- Cultural landscape of the Benedictine settlements in medieval Italy
- Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci