🌍 Geography
Location: Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iran and Kuwait
Area & Boundaries
Total Area
438,317 km²
Land Area
437,367 km²
Water Area
950 km²
World Rank by Area
#null
Land Boundaries
3,809 km
Coastline
58 km
Bordering Countries
Iran 1 (N/A km)
599 km; Jordan (179 km)
Terrain & Climate
Terrain: mostly broad plains; reedy marshes along Iranian border in south with large flooded areas; mountains along borders with Iran and Turkey
Climate: mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq
Elevation
Highest Point
: N/Am
Lowest Point
: nullm
Mean Elevation
312m
Natural Resources
petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, sulfur
👥 Demographics
Population Overview
Total Population (2024)
42,083,436
World Rank
#null
Growth Rate
1.99%
Urbanization
null%
Age & Life Expectancy
Median Age
22.4 years
Life Expectancy
null years
Birth Rate
23.7 per 1,000
Death Rate
3.9 per 1,000
Major Urban Areas
- BAGHDAD: 7,711,000 people
Education
Literacy Rate: null% (Male: 90.3%, Female: 77.8%)
💼 Economy
highly oil-dependent Middle Eastern economy; fiscal sustainability subject to fluctuation in oil prices; rising public confidence in economic conditions; import-dependent for most sectors; persistent challenges of corruption, informal markets, banking access, and political fragility
GDP & Economic Indicators
GDP (PPP)
$585.89 billion
GDP (Official Rate)
$279.64 billion
GDP per Capita (PPP)
$12,700
World GDP Rank
#null
GDP Growth Rate
1.5%
Unemployment Rate
null%
Inflation Rate
null%
Public Debt (% of GDP)
null%
GDP Composition by Sector
Agriculture
3.4%
Industry
51.6%
Services
45.8%
Major Industries
petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, construction materials, food processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing
Trade
Exports
N/A
Imports
N/A
Foreign Exchange Reserves
N/A
Currency
(null)
🏛️ Government
Government Type
federal parliamentary republic
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive Branch
Chief of State:
Head of Government:
Legislative Branch
National Holiday
Independence Day, 3 October (1932); Republic Day, 14 July (1958)
📈 Social Indicators
Physicians
1.02 per 1,000
Hospital Beds
1.3 per 1,000
Health Expenditure
5.2% of GDP
🎨 Cultural Heritage
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
6
Notable Sites
- Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat)
- Babylon
- Erbil Citadel
- Hatra
- Samarra Archaeological City
- The Ahwar (Marshland) of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities