Germany

Federal Republic of Germany
ISO: GM / null Bundesrepublik Deutschland

📊 Quick Facts

Capital
Berlin
Population (2024)
84,119,100
Total Area
357,022 km²
GDP (PPP)
$5.25 trillion
Government Type
federal parliamentary republic
Independence
18 January 1871 (establishment of the German Empire); divided into four zones of occupation (UK, US, USSR, and France) in 1945 after World War II; Federal Republic of Germany (FRG or West Germany) proclaimed on 23 May 1949 and included the former UK, US, and French zones; German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany) proclaimed on 7 October 1949 and included the former USSR zone; West Germany and East Germany unified on 3 October 1990, with all four powers formally relinquishing rights on 15 March 1991; notable earlier dates: 10 August 843 (Eastern Francia established from the division of the Carolingian Empire); 2 February 962 (crowning of OTTO I, recognized as the first Holy Roman Emperor)

🌍 Geography

Location: Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark

Area & Boundaries

Total Area 357,022 km²
Land Area 348,672 km²
Water Area 8,350 km²
World Rank by Area #null
Land Boundaries 3,694 km
Coastline 2,389 km

Bordering Countries

Austria (801 km)

Terrain & Climate

Terrain: lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south

Climate: temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind

Elevation

Highest Point : N/Am
Lowest Point : nullm
Mean Elevation 263m

Natural Resources

coal, lignite, natural gas, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt, construction materials, timber, arable land

👥 Demographics

Population Overview

Total Population (2024) 84,119,100
World Rank #null
Growth Rate 0.12%
Urbanization null%

Age & Life Expectancy

Median Age 46.8 years
Life Expectancy null years
Birth Rate 8.9 per 1,000
Death Rate 12 per 1,000

Major Urban Areas

Education

Literacy Rate: null% (Male: null%, Female: null%)

💼 Economy

<p>leading export-driven, core EU and eurozone economy; key automotive, chemical, engineering, finance, and green energy industries; growth stalled by energy crisis and declining exports; tight labor market with falling working-age population; fiscal rebalancing with phaseout of energy price supports</p>

GDP & Economic Indicators

GDP (PPP) $5.25 trillion
GDP (Official Rate) $4.66 trillion
GDP per Capita (PPP) $62,800
World GDP Rank #null
GDP Growth Rate 0.2%
Unemployment Rate null%
Inflation Rate 2.3%
Public Debt (% of GDP) null%

GDP Composition by Sector

Agriculture 0.8%
Industry 25.8%
Services 63.9%

Major Industries

<p>iron, steel, coal, cement, chemicals, machinery, vehicles, machine tools, electronics, automobiles, food and beverages, shipbuilding, textiles</p>

Trade

Exports N/A
Imports N/A
Foreign Exchange Reserves N/A
Currency (null)

🏛️ Government

Government Type federal parliamentary republic
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal; age 16 for some state and municipal elections

Executive Branch

Chief of State:

Head of Government:

Legislative Branch

National Holiday

German Unity Day, 3 October (1990)

📈 Social Indicators

Physicians 4.53 per 1,000
Hospital Beds 7.8 per 1,000
Health Expenditure 12.7% of GDP
Education Expenditure 5.2% of GDP

🎨 Cultural Heritage

UNESCO World Heritage Sites 56

Notable Sites

Data Sources: CIA World Factbook, World Bank, United Nations, IMF, OECD
Reference Year: 2024
Last Updated: 2026-01-11