Bulgaria

Republic of Bulgaria
ISO: BU / null Republika Bulgaria

📊 Quick Facts

Capital
Sofia
Population (2024)
6,782,659
Total Area
110,879 km²
GDP (PPP)
$219.65 billion
Government Type
parliamentary republic
Independence
3 March 1878 (as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire); 22 September 1908 (complete independence from the Ottoman Empire)

🌍 Geography

Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey

Area & Boundaries

Total Area 110,879 km²
Land Area 108,489 km²
Water Area 2,390 km²
World Rank by Area #null
Land Boundaries 1,806 km
Coastline 354 km

Bordering Countries

Greece (472 km)

Terrain & Climate

Terrain: mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast

Climate: temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers

Elevation

Highest Point : N/Am
Lowest Point : nullm
Mean Elevation 472m

Natural Resources

bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land

👥 Demographics

Population Overview

Total Population (2024) 6,782,659
World Rank #null
Growth Rate 0.66%
Urbanization null%

Age & Life Expectancy

Median Age 45.1 years
Life Expectancy null years
Birth Rate 7.9 per 1,000
Death Rate 14.2 per 1,000

Major Urban Areas

Education

Literacy Rate: null% (Male: null%, Female: null%)

💼 Economy

<p>upper-middle-income EU economy; currency pegged to the euro, with eurozone accession pending; declining energy prices helping lower inflation rate; EU structural funds contributing to investment recovery; skilled labor shortage driven by emigration and aging population</p>

GDP & Economic Indicators

GDP (PPP) $219.65 billion
GDP (Official Rate) $112.21 billion
GDP per Capita (PPP) $34,100
World GDP Rank #null
GDP Growth Rate 2.8%
Unemployment Rate null%
Inflation Rate 2.4%
Public Debt (% of GDP) null%

GDP Composition by Sector

Agriculture 2.1%
Industry 22.5%
Services 62.6%

Major Industries

electricity, gas, water; food, beverages, tobacco; machinery and equipment, automotive parts, base metals, chemical products, coke, refined petroleum, nuclear fuel; outsourcing centers

Trade

Exports N/A
Imports N/A
Foreign Exchange Reserves N/A
Currency (null)

🏛️ Government

Government Type parliamentary republic
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal

Executive Branch

Chief of State:

Head of Government:

Legislative Branch

National Holiday

Liberation Day, 3 March (1878)

📈 Social Indicators

Physicians 4.33 per 1,000
Hospital Beds 7.8 per 1,000
Health Expenditure 8.6% of GDP
Education Expenditure 4.5% of GDP

🎨 Cultural Heritage

UNESCO World Heritage Sites 10

Notable Sites

Data Sources: CIA World Factbook, World Bank, United Nations, IMF, OECD
Reference Year: 2024
Last Updated: 2026-01-11