Master the foundation of baking—creating tender, flaky doughs for pies, tarts, quiches, and pastries through precise technique and temperature control. Basic pastry types: (1) Shortcrust—flour, fat (butter/shortening), water, salt—for pie crusts; (2) Puff pastry—laminated layers of butter creating dramatic rise; (3) Choux—cooked dough for éclairs, profiteroles.
Shortcrust technique: cut cold fat into flour (pea-sized pieces), add ice water minimally, handle gently (overworking develops gluten=tough pastry), chill before rolling. Key principles: keep everything cold (prevents butter melting), work quickly, rest dough (relaxes gluten), blind bake for wet fillings. Learn: rolling even thickness, crimping edges, docking (preventing bubbles).
Challenges: shrinkage, soggy bottoms, tough texture. Solutions exist for each. Precision matters—pastry is science. Rewarding—homemade pie crust transforms desserts and savory dishes alike.